参考 B 站楠哥教你学 Java4 小时学会 MyBatis视频

ORMapping: Object Relationship Mapping 对象关系映射

对象指⾯向对象

关系指关系型数据库

Java 到 MySQL 的映射,开发者可以以⾯向对象的思想来管理数据库。

如何使⽤

  • 新建 Maven 工程,pom.xml
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<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.5</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.11</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.6</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
  • 新建数据表
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use mybatis;
create table t_account(
id int primary key auto_increment,
username varchar(11),
password varchar(11),
age int
)
  • 新建数据表对应的实体类 Account
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package com.southwind.entity;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class Account {
private long id;
private String username;
private String password;
private int age;
}
  • 创建 MyBatis 的配置⽂件 config.xml,⽂件名可自定义
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置MyBatis运⾏环境 -->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<!-- 配置JDBC事务管理 -->
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<!-- POOLED配置JDBC数据源连接池 -->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"> </property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="root"></property>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
</configuration>

使⽤原生接⼝

  1. MyBatis 框架需要开发者自定义 SQL 语句,写在 Mapper.xml ⽂件中,实际开发中,会为每个实体类创建对应的 Mapper.xml ,定义管理该对象数据的 SQL。

AccountMapper.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.southwind.mapper.AccountMapper">
<insert id="save" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
insert into t_account(username,password,age) values(#{username},#{password},#{age})
</insert>
</mapper>
  • namespace 通常设置为⽂件所在包+⽂件名的形式。
  • insert 标签表示执⾏添加操作。
  • select 标签表示执⾏查询操作。
  • update 标签表示执⾏更新操作。
  • delete 标签表示执⾏删除操作。
  • id 是实际调⽤ MyBatis ⽅法时需要⽤到的参数。
  • parameterType 是调⽤对应⽅法时参数的数据类型。
  1. 在全局配置⽂件 config.xml 中注册 AccountMapper.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置MyBatis运⾏环境 -->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<!-- 配置JDBC事务管理 -->
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<!-- POOLED配置JDBC数据源连接池 -->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="root"></property>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 注册AccountMapper.xml -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/southwind/mapper/AccountMapper.xml"></mapper>
</mappers>
</configuration>
  1. 调⽤ MyBatis 的原⽣接⼝执⾏添加操作。
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public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//加载MyBatis配置⽂件
InputStream inputStream = Test.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("config.xml");
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(inputStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
String statement = "com.southwind.mapper.AccountMapper.save";
Account account = new Account(1L,"张三","123123",22);
sqlSession.insert(statement,account);
sqlSession.commit();
}
}

通过 Mapper 代理实现自定义接⼝

  • 自定义接⼝,定义相关业务⽅法。

  • 编写与⽅法相对应的 Mapper.xml。

  1. 自定义接⼝

AccountRepository.java

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package com.southwind.repository;
import com.southwind.entity.Account;
import java.util.List;
public interface AccountRepository {
public int save(Account account);
public int update(Account account);
public int deleteById(long id);
public List<Account> findAll();
public Account findById(long id);
}
  1. 创建接⼝对应的 Mapper.xml,定义接⼝⽅法对应的 SQL 语句。

statement 标签可根据 SQL 执⾏的业务选择 insertdeleteupdateselect

MyBatis 框架会根据规则自动创建接⼝实现类的代理对象。

规则:

  • Mapper.xml 中 namespace 为接⼝的全类名。
  • Mapper.xml 中 statement 的 id 为接⼝中对应的⽅法名。
  • Mapper.xml 中 statement 的 parameterType 和接⼝中对应⽅法的参数类型一致。
  • Mapper.xml 中 statement 的 resultType 和接⼝中对应⽅法的返回值类型一致。

AccountRepository.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.southwind.repository.AccountRepository">
<insert id="save" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
insert into t_account(username,password,age) values(#{username},#{password},#{age})
</insert>
<update id="update" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
update t_account set username = #{username},password = #{password},age= #{age} where id = #{id}
</update>
<delete id="deleteById" parameterType="long">
delete from t_account where id = #{id}
</delete>
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
select * from t_account
</select>
<select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
select * from t_account where id = #{id}
</select>
</mapper>
  1. 在 config.xml 中注册 AccountRepository.xml
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<!-- 注册AccountMapper.xml -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/southwind/repository/AccountRepository.xml"></mapper>
</mappers>
  1. 调⽤接⼝的代理对象完成相关的业务操作
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package com.southwind.test;
import com.southwind.entity.Account;
import com.southwind.repository.AccountRepository;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class Test2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
InputStream inputStream = Test.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("config.xml");
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(inputStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//获取实现接⼝的代理对象
AccountRepository accountRepository = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountRepository.class);
//添加对象
// Account account = new Account(3L,"王五","111111",24);
// int result = accountRepository.save(account);
// sqlSession.commit();
//查询全部对象
// List<Account> list = accountRepository.findAll();
// for (Account account:list) {
// System.out.println(account);
// }
// sqlSession.close();
//通过id查询对象
// Account account = accountRepository.findById(3L);
// System.out.println(account);
// sqlSession.close();
//修改对象
// Account account = accountRepository.findById(3L);
// account.setUsername("⼩小明");
// account.setPassword("000");
// account.setAge(18);
// int result = accountRepository.update(account);
// sqlSession.commit();
// System.out.println(result);
// sqlSession.close();
//通过id删除对象
int result = accountRepository.deleteById(3L);
System.out.println(result);
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
}

注意增删改需要提交sqlSession.commit();查询不需要提交。


Mapper.xml 详解

  • statement 标签:select、update、delete、insert 分别对应查询、修改、删除、添加操作。
  • parameterType:参数数据类型

可以省略配置 parameterType,因为 mybatis 能自动识别,但返回值类型不能不写

  1. 基本数据类型,通过 id 查询 Account
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<select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
select * from t_account where id = #{id}
</select>
  1. 包装类,通过 id 查询 Account
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<select id="findById2" parameterType="java.lang.Long" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
select * from t_account where id = #{id}
</select>
  1. String 类型,通过 name 查询 Account
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<select id="findByName" parameterType="java.lang.String" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
select * from t_account where username = #{username}
</select>
  1. 多个参数,通过 name 和 age 查询 Account
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<select id="findByNameAndAge" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
select * from t_account where username = #{arg0} and age = #{arg1}
</select>

arg0arg1 可换成 param1param2

  1. Java Bean
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<update id="update" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
update t_account set username = #{username},password = #{password},age = #{age} where id = #{id}
</update>
  • resultType:结果类型,返回值类型
  1. 基本数据类型,统计 Account 总数
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<select id="count" resultType="int">
select count(id) from t_account
</select>
  1. 包装类,统计 Account 总数
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<select id="count2" resultType="java.lang.Integer">
select count(id) from t_account
</select>
  1. String 类型,通过 id 查询 Account 的 name
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<select id="findNameById" resultType="java.lang.String">
select username from t_account where id = #{id}
</select>
  1. Java Bean
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<select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
select * from t_account where id = #{id}
</select>

及联查询

一对多

Student

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package com.southwind.entity;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class Student {
private long id;
private String name;
private Classes classes;
}

Classes

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package com.southwind.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import java.util.List;
@Data
public class Classes {
private long id;
private String name;
private List<Student> students;
}

StudentRepository

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package com.southwind.repository;
import com.southwind.entity.Student;
public interface StudentRepository {
public Student findById(long id);
}

StudentRepository.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.southwind.repository.StudentRepository">
<resultMap id="studentMap" type="com.southwind.entity.Student">
<id column="id" property="id"></id>
<result column="name" property="name"></result>
<association property="classes" javaType="com.southwind.entity.Classes">
<id column="cid" property="id"></id>
<result column="cname" property="name"></result>
</association>
</resultMap>

<select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultMap="studentMap">
select s.id,s.name,c.id as cid,c.name as cname from student s,classes c where s.id = #{id} and s.cid = c.id
</select>
</mapper>

association 是用于一对一多对一

ClassesRepository

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package com.southwind.repository;
import com.southwind.entity.Classes;
public interface ClassesRepository {
public Classes findById(long id);
}

ClassesRepository.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.southwind.repository.ClassesRepository">
<resultMap id="classesMap" type="com.southwind.entity.Classes">
<id column="cid" property="id"></id>
<result column="cname" property="name"></result>
<collection property="students" ofType="com.southwind.entity.Student">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="name" property="name"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>

<select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultMap="classesMap">
select s.id,s.name,c.id as cid,c.name as cname from student s,classes c where c.id = #{id} and s.cid = c.id
</select>
</mapper>

collection 是用于一对多的关系

多对多

Customer

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package com.southwind.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import java.util.List;
@Data
public class Customer {
private long id;
private String name;
private List<Goods> goods;
}

Goods

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package com.southwind.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import java.util.List;
@Data
public class Goods {
private long id;
private String name;
private List<Customer> customers;
}

CustomerRepository.java

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package com.southwind.repository;
import com.southwind.entity.Customer;
public interface CustomerRepository {
public Customer findById(long id);
}

CustomerRepository.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.southwind.repository.CustomerRepository">
<resultMap id="customerMap" type="com.southwind.entity.Customer">
<id column="cid" property="id"></id>
<result column="cname" property="name"></result>
<collection property="goods" ofType="com.southwind.entity.Goods">
<id column="gid" property="id"/>
<result column="gname" property="name"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>

<select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultMap="customerMap">
select c.id cid,c.name cname,g.id gid,g.name gname from customer c,goods g,customer_goods cg where c.id = #{id} and cg.cid = c.id and cg.gid = g.id
</select>
</mapper>

GoodsRepository

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package com.southwind.repository;
import com.southwind.entity.Goods;
public interface GoodsRepository {
public Goods findById(long id);
}

GoodsRepository.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.southwind.repository.GoodsRepository">
<resultMap id="goodsMap" type="com.southwind.entity.Goods">
<id column="gid" property="id"></id>
<result column="gname" property="name"></result>
<collection property="customers" ofType="com.southwind.entity.Customer">
<id column="cid" property="id"/>
<result column="cname" property="name"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>

<select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultMap="goodsMap">
select c.id cid,c.name cname,g.id gid,g.name gname from customer c,goods g,customer_goods cg where g.id = #{id} and cg.cid = c.id and cg.gid = g.id
</select>
</mapper>

逆向⼯程

MyBatis 框架需要:实体类、自定义 Mapper 接⼝、Mapper.xml

作用:传统的开发中上述的三个组件需要开发者⼿手动创建,逆向工程可以帮助开发者来自动创建三个组件,减轻开发者的工作量量,提高工作效率。

缺点:只执行一次。如果需要对表进行修改,需要删除已经生成的资源,重新去生成。

如何使⽤

MyBatis Generator,简称 MBG,是一个专⻔为 MyBatis 框架开发者定制的代码⽣成器,可自动⽣成 MyBatis 框架所需的实体类、Mapper 接⼝、Mapper.xml,⽀持基本的 CRUD 操作,但是一些相对复杂的 SQL 需要开发者自⼰来完成。

  • 新建 Maven 工程,pom.xml
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<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
  • 创建 MBG 配置⽂件 generatorConfig.xml
  1. jdbcConnection 配置数据库连接信息。
  2. javaModelGenerator 配置 JavaBean 的⽣成策略。
  3. sqlMapGenerator 配置 SQL 映射⽂件⽣成策略。
  4. javaClientGenerator 配置 Mapper 接⼝的⽣成策略。
  5. table 配置目标数据表(tableName:表名,domainObjectName:JavaBean 类名)。
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">
<generatorConfiguration>
<context id="testTables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3">
<jdbcConnection
driverClass="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"
connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?
useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"
userId="root"
password="root"
></jdbcConnection>
<javaModelGenerator targetPackage="com.southwind.entity" targetProject="./src/main/java"></javaModelGenerator>
<sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="com.southwind.repository" targetProject="./src/main/java"></sqlMapGenerator>
<javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER" targetPackage="com.southwind.repository" targetProject="./src/main/java"></javaClientGenerator>
<table tableName="t_user" domainObjectName="User"></table>
</context>
</generatorConfiguration>
  • 创建 Generator 执⾏类。
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package com.southwind.test;
import org.mybatis.generator.api.MyBatisGenerator;
import org.mybatis.generator.config.Configuration;
import org.mybatis.generator.config.xml.ConfigurationParser;
import org.mybatis.generator.exception.InvalidConfigurationException;
import org.mybatis.generator.exception.XMLParserException;
import org.mybatis.generator.internal.DefaultShellCallback;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> warings = new ArrayList<String>();
boolean overwrite = true;
String genCig = "/generatorConfig.xml";
File configFile = new File(Main.class.getResource(genCig).getFile());
ConfigurationParser configurationParser = new ConfigurationParser(warings);
Configuration configuration = null;
try {
configuration = configurationParser.parseConfiguration(configFile);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (XMLParserException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
DefaultShellCallback callback = new DefaultShellCallback(overwrite);
MyBatisGenerator myBatisGenerator = null;
try {
myBatisGenerator = new MyBatisGenerator(configuration,callback,warings);
} catch (InvalidConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
myBatisGenerator.generate(null);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

MyBatis 延迟加载

什么是延迟加载?

延迟加载也叫懒加载、惰性加载,使⽤延迟加载可以提⾼程序的运行效率,针对于数据持久层的操作,在某些特定的情况下去访问特定的数据库,在其他情况下可以不访问某些表,从一定程度上减少了了 Java 应⽤与数据库的交互次数。

查询学生和班级的时,学⽣和班级是两张不同的表,如果当前需求只需要获取学生的信息,那么查询学⽣单表即可,如果需要通过学⽣获取对应的班级信息,则必须查询两张表。

不同的业务需求,需要查询不同的表,根据具体的业务需求来动态减少数据表查询的工作就是延迟加载。

  • 在 config.xml 中开启延迟加载

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    <settings>
    <!-- 打印SQL-->
    <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" />
    <!-- 开启延迟加载 -->
    <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
    </settings>
  • 将多表关联查询拆分成多个单表查询

StudentRepository

public Student findByIdLazy(long id);

StudentRepository.xml

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<resultMap id="studentMapLazy" type="com.southwind.entity.Student">
<id column="id" property="id"></id>
<result column="name" property="name"></result>
<association property="classes" javaType="com.southwind.entity.Classes"
select="com.southwind.repository.ClassesRepository.findByIdLazy" column="cid">
</association>
</resultMap>

<select id="findByIdLazy" parameterType="long" resultMap="studentMapLazy">
select * from student where id = #{id}
</select>

ClassesRepository

public Classes findByIdLazy(long id);

ClassesRepository.xml

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<select id="findByIdLazy" parameterType="long" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Classes">
select * from classes where id = #{id}
</select>

MyBatis 缓存

  • 什么是 MyBatis 缓存

使⽤缓存可以减少 Java 应⽤与数据库的交互次数,从⽽而提升程序的运⾏效率。⽐如查询出 id = 1 的对象,第一次查询出之后会自动将该对象保存到缓存中,当下一次查询时,直接从缓存中取出对象即可,⽆无需再次访问数据库。

  • MyBatis 缓存分类
  1. 一级缓存:SqlSession 级别,默认开启,并且不能关闭。

操作数据库时需要创建 SqlSession 对象,在对象中有一个 HashMap ⽤于存储缓存数据,不同的 SqlSession 之间缓存数据区域是互不影响的。

一级缓存的作⽤域是 SqlSession 范围的,当在同一个 SqlSession 中执⾏两次相同的 SQL 语句时,第一次执⾏完毕会将结果保存到缓存中,第二次查询时直接从缓存中获取。

需要注意的是,如果 SqlSession 执⾏了了 DML 操作(insert、update、delete),MyBatis 必须将缓存
清空以保证数据的准确性。

  1. 二级缓存:Mapper 级别,默认关闭,可以开启。

使⽤二级缓存时,多个 SqlSession 使⽤同一个 Mapper 的 SQL 语句操作数据库,得到的数据会存在二级缓存区,同样是使⽤ HashMap 进⾏数据存储,相⽐较于一级缓存,二级缓存的范围更⼤,多个 SqlSession 可以共⽤二级缓存,二级缓存是跨 SqlSession 的。

二级缓存是多个 SqlSession 共享的,其作⽤域是 Mapper 的同一个 namespace,不同的 SqlSession 两次执⾏相同的 namespace 下的 SQL 语句,参数也相等,则第一次执⾏成功之后会将数据保存到二级缓存中,第二次可直接从二级缓存中取出数据。

代码

  • 一级缓存
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package com.southwind.test;
import com.southwind.entity.Account;
import com.southwind.repository.AccountRepository;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class Test4 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
InputStream inputStream = Test.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("config.xml");
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(inputStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
AccountRepository accountRepository = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountRepository.class);
Account account = accountRepository.findById(1L);
System.out.println(account);
sqlSession.close();
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
accountRepository = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountRepository.class);
Account account1 = accountRepository.findById(1L);
System.out.println(account1);
}
}
  • 二级缓存
  1. MyBatis 自带的⼆级缓存
  • config.xml 配置开启⼆级缓存
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<settings>
<!-- 打印SQL-->
<setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" />
<!-- 开启延迟加载 -->
<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
<!-- 开启⼆二级缓存 -->
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>
  • Mapper.xml 中配置⼆级缓存
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<cache></cache>
  • 实体类实现序列列化接⼝
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package com.southwind.entity;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import java.io.Serializable;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Account implements Serializable {
private long id;
private String username;
private String password;
private int age;
}
  1. ehcache 二级缓存
  • pom.xml 添加相关依赖
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<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
<artifactId>ehcache-core</artifactId>
<version>2.4.3</version>
</dependency>
  • 添加 ehcache.xml
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<ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../config/ehcache.xsd">
<diskStore/>
<defaultCache
maxElementsInMemory="1000"
maxElementsOnDisk="10000000"
eternal="false"
overflowToDisk="false"
timeToIdleSeconds="120"
timeToLiveSeconds="120"
diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"
memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU">
</defaultCache>
</ehcache>
  • config.xml 配置开启⼆级缓存
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<settings>
<!-- 打印SQL-->
<setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" />
<!-- 开启延迟加载 -->
<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
<!-- 开启⼆二级缓存 -->
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>
  • Mapper.xml 中配置二级缓存
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<cache type="org.mybatis.caches.ehcache.EhcacheCache">
<!-- 缓存创建之后,最后⼀次访问缓存的时间⾄至缓存失效的时间间隔 -->
<property name="timeToIdleSeconds" value="3600"/>
<!-- 缓存自创建时间起⾄至失效的时间间隔 -->
<property name="timeToLiveSeconds" value="3600"/>
<!-- 缓存回收策略略,LRU表示移除近期使⽤最少的对象 -->
<property name="memoryStoreEvictionPolicy" value="LRU"/>
</cache>
  • 实体类不需要实现序列化接⼝。
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package com.southwind.entity;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Account {
private long id;
private String username;
private String password;
private int age;
}

MyBatis 动态 SQL

使用动态 SQL 可简化代码的开发,减少开发者的工作量,程序可以⾃动根据业务参数来决定 SQL 的组
成。

  • if 标签
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<select id="findByAccount" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account"
resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
select * from t_account where
<if test="id!=0">
id = #{id}
</if>
<if test="username!=null">
and username = #{username}
</if>
<if test="password!=null">
and password = #{password}
</if>
<if test="age!=0">
and age = #{age}
</if>
</select>

if 标签可以自动根据表达式的结果来决定是否将对应的语句添加到 SQL 中,如果条件不成⽴立则不添加,
如果条件成⽴立则添加。

  • where 标签
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<select id="findByAccount" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
select * from t_account
<where>
<if test="id!=0">
id = #{id}
</if>
<if test="username!=null">
and username = #{username}
</if>
<if test="password!=null">
and password = #{password}
</if>
<if test="age!=0">
and age = #{age}
</if>
</where>
</select>

where 标签可以自动判断是否要删除语句块中的 and 关键字,如果检测到 where 直接跟 and 拼接,则自动删除 and,通常情况下 if 和 where 结合起来使⽤。

  • choose 、when 标签
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<select id="findByAccount" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account"
resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
select * from t_account
<where>
<choose>
<when test="id!=0">
id = #{id}
</when>
<when test="username!=null">
username = #{username}
</when>
<when test="password!=null">
password = #{password}
</when>
<when test="age!=0">
age = #{age}
</when>
</choose>
</where>
</select>
  • trim 标签

trim 标签中的 prefix 和 suffix 属性会被⽤于⽣成实际的 SQL 语句,会和标签内部的语句进⾏拼接,如果语句前后出现了 prefixOverrides 或者 suffixOverrides 属性中指定的值,MyBatis 框架会自动将其删除。

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<select id="findByAccount" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
select * from t_account
<trim prefix="where" prefixOverrides="and">
<if test="id!=0">
id = #{id}
</if>
<if test="username!=null">
and username = #{username}
</if>
<if test="password!=null">
and password = #{password}
</if>
<if test="age!=0">
and age = #{age}
</if>
</trim>
</select>
  • set 标签

set 标签⽤于 update 操作,会⾃动根据参数选择生成 SQL 语句。

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<update id="update" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
update t_account
<set>
<if test="username!=null">
username = #{username},
</if>
<if test="password!=null">
password = #{password},
</if>
<if test="age!=0">
age = #{age}
</if>
</set>
where id = #{id}
</update>
  • foreach 标签

foreach 标签可以迭代生成⼀系列值,这个标签主要用于 SQL 的 in 语句。

select * from t_account where id in (1,4,5)

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<select id="findByIds" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account"
resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account">
select * from t_account
<where>
<foreach collection="ids" open="id in (" close=")" item="id"
separator=",">
#{id}
</foreach>
</where>
</select>